Benefits of Peppermint:

IBS — enteric-coated peppermint oil is the most evidence-supported natural treatment for IBS, documented in multiple meta-analyses to significantly reduce abdominal pain and spasm

Headache — topical peppermint oil application documented in randomised trials to reduce tension headache intensity comparable to paracetamol

Antimicrobial — menthol documented with broad-spectrum antibacterial and antifungal activity

Nausea — documented in reducing postoperative and chemotherapy-induced nausea through inhalation

Digestive — menthol relaxes the lower oesophageal sphincter and intestinal smooth muscle, documented in reducing bloating and gas

Respiratory — menthol activates cold receptors creating a sensation of improved airflow; used in upper respiratory congestion

29:T434,

Dried leaves of Rubus idaeus. Distinct from the fruit in active compound profile. Contains fragarine — an alkaloid with documented toning effect on uterine and pelvic floor muscles — along with tannins, flavonoids, and ellagic acid.

Benefits of Red Raspberry Leaf:

Uterine toning — fragarine documented in toning smooth muscle of the uterus; widely used in the second and third trimester of pregnancy for birth preparation — consult a midwife before use

Menstrual support — documented in reducing menstrual cramping and heavy flow through smooth muscle toning action

Tannins — astringent action supports diarrhoea management and oral health

Antioxidant — ellagic acid has significant documented antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity

Nutritive — significant iron, calcium, magnesium, and B vitamin content

Postpartum recovery — traditionally used to support uterine involution and recovery after birth

2a:T43b,

Dried inner bark of Ulmus rubra, ground into powder. The inner bark contains a high concentration of mucilage — a complex mixture of polysaccharides that forms a gel when mixed with water. This mucilaginous quality is the basis for most of its documented therapeutic applications.

Benefits of Slippery Elm:

Gastrointestinal coating — mucilage coats and soothes the lining of the oesophagus, stomach, and intestines; documented in reducing symptoms of GERD, IBS, and inflammatory bowel conditions

Prebiotic — polysaccharide content fermented by gut bacteria, supporting beneficial microbiome growth

Throat soothing — mucilage coats the throat; documented use in reducing irritation from coughing and sore throat

Wound healing — used topically as a poultice; mucilage creates a moist wound environment supporting healing

Nutritive — historically used as a survival food and to support nutrition in debilitated patients due to its digestibility

2b:T424,

Rendered fat from cattle — Bos taurus. Composed of stearic acid, oleic acid, and palmitic acid with a high smoke point of approximately 250°C. Historically the primary cooking fat in many cultures before displacement by seed oils in the 20th century.

Benefits of Beef Tallow:

Skin barrier — fatty acid profile compatible with human sebum; used as a traditional skin moisturiser and barrier cream

Vitamins A, D, E, K2 — concentrated in tallow from grass-fed cattle; supports skin, immune, and skeletal health

CLA — conjugated linoleic acid content documented with anti-inflammatory and metabolic benefits

Cooking stability — high saturated fat content provides exceptional oxidative stability at high cooking temperatures

Stearic acid — documented as neutral on LDL cholesterol; the predominant saturated fat in beef tallo

Propolis Tincture

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